40.) SAPINDACEAE to SIMAROUBACEAE

SAPINDACEAE - Maple family

KOELREUTERIA Laxm.

Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. (Pride-of-India) General Very Rare Recorded at Clifton in 2000 by ? and at Brandon Hill in 2015 by ?.

[First record in a garden.]

AESCULUS L.

Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Horse-chestnut) / Woodland Frequent Commonly planted in public green spaces and widely found self-sown in woodland and hedgerows whenever Grey Squirrels forget where they buried their nuts.
Aesculus carnea J. Zeyh. (A. hippocastanum × A. pavia = A. × carnea Zeyh) (Red Horse-chestnut) / General Uncommon Widely planted in parks and other public green spaces though never self-sowing. It is usually grafted onto Horse-chestnut.

[Record of A. hippocastanum x pavia belongs here.]

Aesculus flava Sol. (Yellow Buckeye) General Very Rare Rarely planted for ornament. Recorded at Hotwells in 2000 by ?; on the edge of Camerton Wood, Camerton in 2002 by ? [also present on BSBI]; at Tyntesfield in 2010 by and there again in 2011 by ?; and at the Royal Fort Gardens, University of Bristol in 2015 by ?.

[First record in a garden.]

Aesculus turbinata Blume (Japanese Horse-chestnut) General Very Rare Recorded at Victoria Park, Bedminster, Bristol in 2015 by ?.
Aesculus indica (Cambess.) Hook. (Indian Horse-chestnut) General Rare Planted in parks and other public green spaces but much less so than the last two species.

ACER L.

Acer platanoides L. (ssp. platanoides) (Norway Maple) / Woodland Frequent Commonly planted in streets, parks and for forestry; now well-established throughout the region in woodland, scrub, hedgerows, and along railway banks. The purple-leaved cultivars 'Schwedleri' and 'Crimson King' are frequently used (the latter differing in maintaining its deep rich purple colour, not turning green later in the season), and to a lesser extrent the variegated 'Drummondii'. A specimen of Norway Maple growing on a steep bank in Prior Park, Bath is the tallest known example in cultivation in the world, measuring at 36.1 m high as of 2012 (The Tree Register, 2018).

Trees and Shrubs Online

Acer cappadocicum Gled. (ssp. cappadocicum) (Cappadocian Maple) /- General Scarce Widely planted in parks and other public green spaces; mainly around Bristol. Rarely self-sowing and becoming naturalised in woodland.
Acer campestre L. (Field Maple) / Woodland Common Common in woodland and hedgerows. Also widely planted and is very variable in leaf shape. The two forms are thought to be equally distributed.
var. campestre / Woodland Common The typical plant with hairy fruits.
var. leiocarpum (Opiz) Wallr. / Woodland Common With glabrous fruits. According to White (1912), "both forms are well distributed throughout the country. With us I believe the smooth-fruited form to be the more frequent". Planted trees are usually this variety. It is considered to be native to eastern Europe and the Caucasus.
Acer sempervirens L. (Cretan Maple) General Very Rare Recorded at Tortworth in 2005 by ?.
Acer opalus Mill. (ssp. opalus) (Italian Maple) General Very Rare Recorded on the edge of Durdham Down in 2015 by ?.
Acer pseudoplatanus L. (Sycamore) / Woodland Common A very common introduction; well-established in woodland, scrub and hedgerows where it is often the dominant canopy species. Also frequently planted and very variable. Often as 'Atropurpureum' with leaves dark-green above and purple below (less marked versions may be found in the wild - f. purpureum). The UK champion of which grows at Henrietta Park, Bath, standing at 25 m tall. A particularly fine Sycamore specimen grows at the top of Bridge Valley Road, Clifton Down. The cultivar 'Brilliantissimum' (with emerging salmon pink to orange foliage - eventually turning green) grows in the grounds of Christ Church, Nailsea where it was first recorded in 1999 by ?.

Trees and Shrubs Online

Acer rubrum L. (var. rubrum) (Red Maple) General Very rarely planted for ornament in parks. Recorded at East Bristol in 2000 by ?; a mature tree with a girth of 2 m at Oldbury Court Estate in 2015 by; and at Henleaze in 2016 by ?.

[2016 record looks to be in a garden.]

Acer palmatum Thunb. (ssp. palmatum) (Japanese-maple) General Widely planted for ornament in parks and churchyards; mainly around Bristol - coming in an endless variety of cultivars.
Acer japonicum Thunb. (Downy Japanese-maple) General Scarce Widely planted for ornament around Bristol.

[Are all records from gardens?]

Acer saccharinum L. (Silver Maple) General Uncommon Frequently planted in parks and streets and occasionally self-seeding.
Acer negundo L. (ssp. negundo) (Ashleaf Maple) General Uncommon Widely planted in streets and public green spaces; mainly around Bristol.
Acer davidii Franch. (ssp. davidii) (Snakebark Maple) General Scarce Widely planted for ornament in streets and parks; mainly around Bristol.
Acer tataricum L. (ssp. tataricum) (Tartar Maple) General Very Rare Very rarely planted for ornament. Recorded at Hotwells in 2000 by ?; at Kingsdown, Bristol in 2000 by; and at Westbury-on-Trym in 2000 by ?.

[Records all say from gardens.]

Acer griseum (Franch.) Pax (Paperbark Maple) General Scarce Widely planted in parks and public green spaces around North Bristol.

RUTACEAE - Rue family

CITRUS L.

Citrus maxima × C. medica × C. reticulata = C. × limon (L.) Osbeck (Lemon) General Very Rare A young plant was found growing out of a crack between a wall and a building at the bottom of Gloucester Road, just before the Arches in 2023 by D. Peters. It probably arose from a discarded lemon slice from one of the many pubs and restaurants around there.

SKIMMIA Thunb.

Skimmia japonica Thunb. ssp. japonica (Japanese Skimmia) General Very Rare Recorded at the Royal Fort Gardens, University of Bristol in 2013 by ?.

CHOISYA Kunth

Choisya ternata Kunth (Mexican Orange) General Scarce Widely planted in shrubberies and often persists after neglect.

RUTA L.

Ruta graveolens L. (Rue) General Extinct A single plant was found self-seeded on a stone wall outside the herb garden of St Peter's Church, Castle Park in 2022 by D. Peters and was still present until 2024 after which it mysteriously disappeared.

SIMAROUBACEAE - Tree-of-heaven family

AILANTHUS Desf.

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (var. altissima) (Tree-of-heaven) / General Rare Widely planted for ornament in parks and estates and frequently produces suckers, sometimes forming dense stands.

List:

Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. (Pride-of-India) General
Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Horse-chestnut) / Woodland
Aesculus carnea J. Zeyh. (A. hippocastanum × A. pavia = A. × carnea Zeyh - Kew, GBIF) (Red Horse-chestnut) / General
Aesculus flava Sol. (Yellow Buckeye) General
Aesculus turbinata Blume (Japanese Horse-chestnut) General
Aesculus indica (Cambess.) Hook. (Indian Horse-chestnut)
Acer platanoides L. (ssp. platanoides - Kew, GBIF) (Norway Maple) / Woodland
Acer cappadocicum Gled. (ssp. cappadocicum - Kew, GBIF) (Cappadocian Maple) /- General
Acer campestre L. (var. campestre - Stace) (Field Maple) / Woodland
Acer campestre L. var. leiocarpum (Opiz) Wallr. (ssp. leiocarpum (Opiz) Pax - Kew, GBIF) (Field Maple)
Acer sempervirens L. (Cretan Maple) General
Acer opalus Mill. (ssp. opalus - Kew, GBIF) (Italian Maple) General
Acer pseudoplatanus L. (Sycamore) / Woodland
Acer rubrum L. (var. rubrum - Kew, GBIF) (Red Maple) General
Acer palmatum Thunb. (ssp. palmatum - Kew, GBIF) (Japanese-maple) General
Acer japonicum Thunb. (Downy Japanese-maple) General
Acer saccharinum L. (Silver Maple) General
Acer negundo L. (ssp. negundo - Kew, GBIF) (Ashleaf Maple) General
Acer davidii Franch. (ssp. davidii - Kew, GBIF) (Snakebark Maple) General
Acer tataricum L. (ssp. tataricum - Kew, GBIF) (Tartar Maple) General
Acer griseum (Franch.) Pax (Paperbark Maple) General
Acer tataricum L. (ssp. tataricum - Kew, GBIF) (Tartar Maple)
Citrus maxima × C. medica × C. reticulata = C. × limon (L.) Osbeck (Lemon) General
Skimmia japonica Thunb. ssp. japonica (Japanese Skimmia) General
Choisya ternata Kunth (Mexican Orange) General
Ruta graveolens L. (Rue) General
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (var. altissima - Kew, GBIF) (Tree-of-heaven) / General

Species to add:

Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. (Pride-of-India) /
Aesculus flava Sol. (Yellow Buckeye) /
Aesculus turbinata Blume (Japanese Horse-chestnut) /
Acer sempervirens L. (Cretan Maple) /
Acer campestre L. var. leiocarpum (Opiz) Wallr. (ssp. leiocarpum (Opiz) Pax - Kew, GBIF) (Field Maple) /
Acer opalus Mill. (ssp. opalus - Kew, GBIF) (Italian Maple) /
Acer rubrum L. (var. rubrum - Kew, GBIF) (Red Maple) /
Acer palmatum Thunb. (ssp. palmatum - Kew, GBIF) (Japanese-maple) /
Acer japonicum Thunb. (Downy Japanese-maple) /
Acer saccharinum L. (Silver Maple) /
Acer negundo L. (ssp. negundo - Kew, GBIF) (Ashleaf Maple) /
Acer davidii Franch. (ssp. davidii - Kew, GBIF) (Snakebark Maple) /
Acer tataricum L. (ssp. tataricum - Kew, GBIF) (Tartar Maple) /
Acer griseum (Franch.) Pax (Paperbark Maple) /
Skimmia japonica Thunb. ssp. japonica (Japanese Skimmia) /
Choisya ternata Kunth (Mexican Orange) /

Could occur:

Acer saccharum Marshall (var. saccharum - Kew, GBIF) (Sugar Maple)
Acer miyabei Maxim. (ssp. miyabei - Kew, GBIF) (Miyabe's Maple)
Acer villosum C. Presl (Hairy Sycamore)
Acer velutinum Boiss. (Downy Sycamore)
Acer trautvetteri Medw. (A. heldreichii Orph. ex Boiss. ssp. trautvetteri (Medw.) A.E. Murray - Kew, GBIF) (Trautvetter's Maple)
Acer rufinerve Siebold & Zucc. (Grey-budded Maple)